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Approximate Leave-Future-Out (LFO) Cross-validation

Source: R/lfo.R
lfo.Rd

Estimates the leave-future-out (LFO) information criterion for dynamite models using Pareto smoothed importance sampling.

Usage

lfo(x, L, verbose = TRUE, k_threshold = 0.7, ...)

Arguments

x

[dynamitefit]
The model fit object.

L

[integer(1)]
Positive integer defining how many time points should be used for the initial fit.

verbose

[logical(1)]
If TRUE (default), print the progress of the LFO computations to the console.

k_threshold

[numeric(1)]
Threshold for the Pareto k estimate triggering refit. Default is 0.7.

...

Additional arguments passed to rstan::sampling() or cmdstanr::sample(), such as chains and cores (parallel_chains in cmdstanr).

Value

An lfo object which is a list with the following components:

  • ELPD
    Expected log predictive density estimate.

  • ELPD_SE
    Standard error of ELPD. This is a crude approximation which does not take into account potential serial correlations.

  • pareto_k
    Pareto k values.

  • refits
    Time points where model was re-estimated.

  • L
    L value used in the LFO estimation.

  • k_threshold
    Threshold used in the LFO estimation.

Details

For multichannel models, the log-likelihoods of all channels are combined. For models with groups, expected log predictive densities (ELPDs) are computed independently for each group, but the re-estimation of the model is triggered if pareto k values of any group exceeds the threshold.

References

Paul-Christian Bürkner, Jonah Gabry, and Aki Vehtari (2020). Approximate leave-future-out cross-validation for Bayesian time series models, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 90:14, 2499-2523.

See also

Model diagnostics loo.dynamitefit(), mcmc_diagnostics()

Examples

# \donttest{
# Please update your rstan and StanHeaders installation before running
# on Windows
if (!identical(.Platform$OS.type, "windows")) {
  # this gives warnings due to the small number of iterations
  out <- suppressWarnings(lfo(gaussian_example_fit, L = 20))
  out$ELPD
  out$ELPD_SE
}
#> Estimating model with 20 time points.
#> Estimating model with 22 time points.
#> Estimating model with 24 time points.
#> Estimating model with 27 time points.
#> [1] 17.31789
# }