The Resource Description Framework, or RDF [@RDF; @W3C_RDF] is a widely used data representation model that forms the cornerstone of the Semantic Web. RDF represents data as a graph rather than the familiar data table or rectangle of relational databases. The rdflib package provides a friendly and concise user interface for performing common tasks on RDF data, such as reading, writing and converting between the various serializations of RDF data, including rdfxml, turtle, nquads, ntriples, and json-ld; creating new rdf graphs, and performing graph queries using SPARQL [@SPARQL; @W3C_SPARQL]. This package wraps the low level redland R package [@redland] which provides direct bindings to the redland C library. Additionally, the package supports the newer and more developer friendly JSON-LD format through the jsonld package [@jsonld; @W3C_jsonld].