ts_pcy and ts_diffy calculate the percentage change rate and the
difference compared to the previous period, ts_pcy and ts_diffy calculate
the percentage change rate compared to the same period of the previous year.
ts_pca calculates annualized percentage change rates compared to the
previous period.
Value
a ts-boxable object of the same class as x, i.e., an object of
class ts, xts, zoo, zooreg, data.frame, data.table, tbl,
tbl_ts, tbl_time, tis, irts or timeSeries.
Examples
x <- ts_c(fdeaths, mdeaths)
ts_diff(x)
#> fdeaths mdeaths
#> Jan 1974 NA NA
#> Feb 1974 -212 -271
#> Mar 1974 138 14
#> Apr 1974 -150 0
#> May 1974 -155 -385
#> Jun 1974 -116 -243
#> Jul 1974 35 31
#> Aug 1974 -48 -149
#> Sep 1974 -6 78
#> Oct 1974 195 283
#> Nov 1974 -4 129
#> Dec 1974 88 225
#> Jan 1975 164 257
#> Feb 1975 -78 34
#> Mar 1975 33 16
#> Apr 1975 -121 -320
#> May 1975 -197 -430
#> Jun 1975 -29 -115
#> Jul 1975 -17 -102
#> Aug 1975 -9 -53
#> Sep 1975 -69 -80
#> Oct 1975 97 294
#> Nov 1975 91 198
#> Dec 1975 240 521
#> Jan 1976 -4 -46
#> Feb 1976 374 730
#> Mar 1976 -245 -467
#> Apr 1976 -364 -804
#> May 1976 -85 -290
#> Jun 1976 -27 -29
#> Jul 1976 -44 -47
#> Aug 1976 -46 -143
#> Sep 1976 27 29
#> Oct 1976 88 209
#> Nov 1976 101 259
#> Dec 1976 218 592
#> Jan 1977 98 181
#> Feb 1977 -202 -606
#> Mar 1977 3 88
#> Apr 1977 -20 79
#> May 1977 -141 -555
#> Jun 1977 -110 -84
#> Jul 1977 19 -75
#> Aug 1977 -63 -74
#> Sep 1977 39 -54
#> Oct 1977 -2 220
#> Nov 1977 26 50
#> Dec 1977 227 426
#> Jan 1978 158 364
#> Feb 1978 57 265
#> Mar 1978 -116 -342
#> Apr 1978 -191 -519
#> May 1978 -16 -83
#> Jun 1978 -84 -153
#> Jul 1978 -15 -89
#> Aug 1978 -69 -94
#> Sep 1978 25 -34
#> Oct 1978 43 170
#> Nov 1978 -5 -30
#> Dec 1978 254 702
#> Jan 1979 142 451
#> Feb 1979 -36 -443
#> Mar 1979 -58 26
#> Apr 1979 -115 -315
#> May 1979 -134 -316
#> Jun 1979 -49 -140
#> Jul 1979 -24 -19
#> Aug 1979 -26 -81
#> Sep 1979 14 -35
#> Oct 1979 18 141
#> Nov 1979 76 213
#> Dec 1979 87 47
ts_pc(x)
#> fdeaths mdeaths
#> Jan 1974 NA NA
#> Feb 1974 -23.5294118 -12.6991565
#> Mar 1974 20.0290276 0.7514761
#> Apr 1974 -18.1378476 0.0000000
#> May 1974 -22.8951256 -20.5114544
#> Jun 1974 -22.2222222 -16.2868633
#> Jul 1974 8.6206897 2.4819856
#> Aug 1974 -10.8843537 -11.6406250
#> Sep 1974 -1.5267176 6.8965517
#> Oct 1974 50.3875969 23.4077750
#> Nov 1974 -0.6872852 8.6461126
#> Dec 1974 15.2249135 13.8803208
#> Jan 1975 24.6246246 13.9219935
#> Feb 1975 -9.3975904 1.6167380
#> Mar 1975 4.3882979 0.7487131
#> Apr 1975 -15.4140127 -14.8629819
#> May 1975 -29.6686747 -23.4588107
#> Jun 1975 -6.2098501 -8.1967213
#> Jul 1975 -3.8812785 -7.9192547
#> Aug 1975 -2.1377672 -4.4688027
#> Sep 1975 -16.7475728 -7.0609003
#> Oct 1975 28.2798834 27.9202279
#> Nov 1975 20.6818182 14.6993318
#> Dec 1975 45.1977401 33.7216828
#> Jan 1976 -0.5188067 -2.2265247
#> Feb 1976 48.7614081 36.1386139
#> Mar 1976 -21.4723926 -16.9818182
#> Apr 1976 -40.6250000 -35.2168200
#> May 1976 -15.9774436 -19.6078431
#> Jun 1976 -6.0402685 -2.4390244
#> Jul 1976 -10.4761905 -4.0517241
#> Aug 1976 -12.2340426 -12.8481581
#> Sep 1976 8.1818182 2.9896907
#> Oct 1976 24.6498599 20.9209209
#> Nov 1976 22.6966292 21.4403974
#> Dec 1976 39.9267399 40.3544649
#> Jan 1977 12.8272251 8.7906751
#> Feb 1977 -23.4338747 -27.0535714
#> Mar 1977 0.4545455 5.3855569
#> Apr 1977 -3.0165913 4.5876887
#> May 1977 -21.9284603 -30.8162132
#> Jun 1977 -21.9123506 -6.7415730
#> Jul 1977 4.8469388 -6.4543890
#> Aug 1977 -15.3284672 -6.8077277
#> Sep 1977 11.2068966 -5.3307009
#> Oct 1977 -0.5167959 22.9405631
#> Nov 1977 6.7532468 4.2408821
#> Dec 1977 55.2311436 34.6623271
#> Jan 1978 24.7648903 21.9939577
#> Feb 1978 7.1608040 13.1253096
#> Mar 1978 -13.5990621 -14.9737303
#> Apr 1978 -25.9158752 -26.7250257
#> May 1978 -2.9304029 -5.8327477
#> Jun 1978 -15.8490566 -11.4179104
#> Jul 1978 -3.3632287 -7.4978939
#> Aug 1978 -16.0092807 -8.5610200
#> Sep 1978 6.9060773 -3.3864542
#> Oct 1978 11.1111111 17.5257732
#> Nov 1978 -1.1627907 -2.6315789
#> Dec 1978 59.7647059 63.2432432
#> Jan 1979 20.9131075 24.8896247
#> Feb 1979 -4.3848965 -19.5757844
#> Mar 1979 -7.3885350 1.4285714
#> Apr 1979 -15.8184319 -17.0639220
#> May 1979 -21.8954248 -20.6401045
#> Jun 1979 -10.2510460 -11.5226337
#> Jul 1979 -5.5944056 -1.7674419
#> Aug 1979 -6.4197531 -7.6704545
#> Sep 1979 3.6939314 -3.5897436
#> Oct 1979 4.5801527 15.0000000
#> Nov 1979 18.4914842 19.7039778
#> Dec 1979 17.8644764 3.6321484
ts_pca(x)
#> fdeaths mdeaths
#> Jan 1974 NA NA
#> Feb 1974 -96.001168 -80.401570
#> Mar 1974 794.201619 9.399922
#> Apr 1974 -90.942718 0.000000
#> May 1974 -95.584478 -93.637107
#> Jun 1974 -95.099207 -88.155319
#> Jul 1974 169.743303 34.205519
#> Aug 1974 -74.913069 -77.351908
#> Sep 1974 -16.857903 122.620089
#> Oct 1974 13282.715194 1147.700265
#> Nov 1974 -7.942697 170.501888
#> Dec 1974 447.717591 375.755899
#> Jan 1975 1303.609692 377.849254
#> Feb 1975 -69.403132 21.222432
#> Mar 1975 67.425573 9.363926
#> Apr 1975 -86.585297 -85.498223
#> May 1975 -98.535175 -95.956639
#> Jun 1975 -53.667391 -64.165751
#> Jul 1975 -37.813542 -62.844260
#> Aug 1975 -22.841915 -42.224641
#> Sep 1975 -88.914307 -58.468125
#> Oct 1975 1885.649896 1819.865014
#> Nov 1975 854.337820 418.478386
#> Dec 1975 8680.480518 3169.053296
#> Jan 1976 -6.051072 -23.677493
#> Feb 1976 11645.820662 3952.993363
#> Mar 1976 -94.501194 -89.282867
#> Apr 1976 -99.808026 -99.453554
#> May 1976 -87.619143 -92.712742
#> Jun 1976 -52.652047 -25.644411
#> Jul 1976 -73.498976 -39.124001
#> Aug 1976 -79.111217 -80.799221
#> Sep 1976 156.951593 42.404937
#> Oct 1976 1307.024107 877.276268
#> Nov 1976 1064.103462 928.864434
#> Dec 1976 5533.892947 5744.061711
#> Jan 1977 325.565964 174.852734
#> Feb 1977 -95.940804 -97.729882
#> Mar 1977 5.592996 87.660617
#> Apr 1977 -30.758043 71.303718
#> May 1977 -94.872414 -98.797592
#> Jun 1977 -94.859703 -56.723012
#> Jul 1977 76.469257 -55.096417
#> Aug 1977 -86.421585 -57.089970
#> Sep 1977 257.750832 -48.178505
#> Oct 1977 -6.028280 1092.181491
#> Nov 1977 119.065057 64.610272
#> Dec 1977 19477.006370 3455.931470
#> Jan 1978 1322.684724 986.575354
#> Feb 1978 129.314523 339.255661
#> Mar 1978 -82.693012 -85.722982
#> Apr 1978 -97.266608 -97.604103
#> May 1978 -30.016006 -51.381811
#> Jun 1978 -87.390210 -76.657302
#> Jul 1978 -33.670162 -60.751826
#> Aug 1978 -87.675321 -65.835390
#> Sep 1978 122.858259 -33.861208
#> Oct 1978 254.070616 594.380322
#> Nov 1978 -13.094814 -27.386473
#> Dec 1978 27554.775088 35711.505146
#> Jan 1979 876.518767 1339.846939
#> Feb 1979 -41.612753 -92.677793
#> Mar 1979 -60.191387 18.556045
#> Apr 1979 -87.335031 -89.409367
#> May 1979 -94.846317 -93.759591
#> Jun 1979 -72.688048 -76.986311
#> Jul 1979 -49.884419 -19.264331
#> Aug 1979 -54.896500 -61.621467
#> Sep 1979 54.539707 -35.512008
#> Oct 1979 71.155657 435.025011
#> Nov 1979 666.029813 765.571580
#> Dec 1979 618.778659 53.438385
ts_pcy(x)
#> fdeaths mdeaths
#> Jan 1974 NA NA
#> Feb 1974 NA NA
#> Mar 1974 NA NA
#> Apr 1974 NA NA
#> May 1974 NA NA
#> Jun 1974 NA NA
#> Jul 1974 NA NA
#> Aug 1974 NA NA
#> Sep 1974 NA NA
#> Oct 1974 NA NA
#> Nov 1974 NA NA
#> Dec 1974 NA NA
#> Jan 1975 -7.8801332 -1.4526710
#> Feb 1975 9.1436865 14.7074611
#> Mar 1975 -5.0785973 14.7043154
#> Apr 1975 -1.9202363 -2.3441662
#> May 1975 -10.5363985 -5.9651475
#> Jun 1975 7.8817734 3.1224980
#> Jul 1975 -4.5351474 -7.3437500
#> Aug 1975 4.8346056 0.1768347
#> Sep 1975 -11.3695090 -12.9032258
#> Oct 1975 -24.3986254 -9.7184987
#> Nov 1975 -8.1314879 -4.6884639
#> Dec 1975 15.7657658 11.9176598
#> Jan 1976 -7.5903614 -3.9467427
#> Feb 1976 51.7287234 28.6850725
#> Mar 1976 14.1401274 6.0380864
#> Apr 1976 -19.8795181 -19.3126023
#> May 1976 -4.2826552 -15.2530292
#> Jun 1976 -4.1095890 -9.9378882
#> Jul 1976 -10.6888361 -6.1551433
#> Aug 1976 -19.9029126 -14.3865843
#> Sep 1976 4.0816327 -5.1282051
#> Oct 1976 1.1363636 -10.3192279
#> Nov 1976 2.8248588 -5.0485437
#> Dec 1976 -0.9079118 -0.3388190
#> Jan 1977 12.3859192 10.8910891
#> Feb 1977 -42.1560035 -40.5818182
#> Mar 1977 -26.0044643 -24.5729304
#> Apr 1977 20.8646617 21.7714672
#> May 1977 12.3042506 4.7939445
#> Jun 1977 -6.6666667 0.1724138
#> Jul 1977 9.3085106 -2.3360288
#> Aug 1977 5.4545455 4.4329897
#> Sep 1977 8.4033613 -4.0040040
#> Oct 1977 -13.4831461 -2.4006623
#> Nov 1977 -24.7252747 -16.2235855
#> Dec 1977 -16.4921466 -19.6211753
#> Jan 1978 -7.6566125 -9.8660714
#> Feb 1978 29.2424242 39.7796818
#> Mar 1978 11.1613876 12.7758420
#> Apr 1978 -15.0855365 -20.9883398
#> May 1978 5.5776892 7.5441413
#> Jun 1978 13.7755102 2.1514630
#> Jul 1978 4.8661800 1.0119595
#> Aug 1978 4.0229885 -0.8884501
#> Sep 1978 0.0000000 1.1470282
#> Oct 1978 11.6883117 -3.3078880
#> Nov 1978 3.4063260 -9.6826688
#> Dec 1978 6.4263323 9.4864048
#> Jan 1979 3.1407035 12.0851907
#> Feb 1979 -7.9718640 -20.3152364
#> Mar 1979 -1.3568521 -4.9433574
#> Apr 1979 12.0879121 7.5895994
#> May 1979 -9.8113208 -9.3283582
#> Jun 1979 -3.8116592 -9.4355518
#> Jul 1979 -6.0324826 -3.8251366
#> Aug 1979 4.6961326 -2.8884462
#> Sep 1979 1.5503876 -3.0927835
#> Oct 1979 -4.4186047 -5.1754386
#> Nov 1979 14.5882353 16.5765766
#> Dec 1979 -15.4639175 -25.9933775
ts_diffy(x)
#> fdeaths mdeaths
#> Jan 1974 NA NA
#> Feb 1974 NA NA
#> Mar 1974 NA NA
#> Apr 1974 NA NA
#> May 1974 NA NA
#> Jun 1974 NA NA
#> Jul 1974 NA NA
#> Aug 1974 NA NA
#> Sep 1974 NA NA
#> Oct 1974 NA NA
#> Nov 1974 NA NA
#> Dec 1974 NA NA
#> Jan 1975 -71 -31
#> Feb 1975 63 274
#> Mar 1975 -42 276
#> Apr 1975 -13 -44
#> May 1975 -55 -89
#> Jun 1975 32 39
#> Jul 1975 -20 -94
#> Aug 1975 19 2
#> Sep 1975 -44 -156
#> Oct 1975 -142 -145
#> Nov 1975 -47 -76
#> Dec 1975 105 220
#> Jan 1976 -63 -83
#> Feb 1976 389 613
#> Mar 1976 111 130
#> Apr 1976 -132 -354
#> May 1976 -20 -214
#> Jun 1976 -18 -128
#> Jul 1976 -45 -73
#> Aug 1976 -82 -163
#> Sep 1976 14 -54
#> Oct 1976 5 -139
#> Nov 1976 15 -78
#> Dec 1976 -7 -7
#> Jan 1977 95 220
#> Feb 1977 -481 -1116
#> Mar 1977 -233 -561
#> Apr 1977 111 322
#> May 1977 55 57
#> Jun 1977 -28 2
#> Jul 1977 35 -26
#> Aug 1977 18 43
#> Sep 1977 30 -40
#> Oct 1977 -60 -29
#> Nov 1977 -135 -238
#> Dec 1977 -126 -404
#> Jan 1978 -66 -221
#> Feb 1978 193 650
#> Mar 1978 74 220
#> Apr 1978 -97 -378
#> May 1978 28 94
#> Jun 1978 54 25
#> Jul 1978 20 11
#> Aug 1978 14 -9
#> Sep 1978 0 11
#> Oct 1978 45 -39
#> Nov 1978 14 -119
#> Dec 1978 41 157
#> Jan 1979 25 244
#> Feb 1979 -68 -464
#> Mar 1979 -10 -96
#> Apr 1979 66 108
#> May 1979 -52 -125
#> Jun 1979 -17 -112
#> Jul 1979 -26 -42
#> Aug 1979 17 -29
#> Sep 1979 6 -30
#> Oct 1979 -19 -59
#> Nov 1979 62 184
#> Dec 1979 -105 -471