Image Frames and Animation

Source: R/animation.R

Operations to manipulate or combine multiple frames of an image. Details below.

image_animate(
  image,
  fps = 10,
  delay = NULL,
  loop = 0,
  dispose = c("background", "previous", "none"),
  optimize = FALSE
)

image_morph(image, frames = 8)

image_mosaic(image, operator = NULL)

image_flatten(image, operator = NULL)

image_average(image)

image_append(image, stack = FALSE)

image_apply(image, FUN, ...)

image_montage(
  image,
  geometry = NULL,
  tile = NULL,
  gravity = "Center",
  bg = "white",
  shadow = FALSE
)

Arguments

image

magick image object returned by image_read() or image_graph()
fps

frames per second. Ignored if delay is not NULL.
delay

delay after each frame, in 1/100 seconds. Must be length 1, or number of frames. If specified, then fps is ignored.
loop

how many times to repeat the animation. Default is infinite.
dispose

a frame disposal method from dispose_types()
optimize

optimize the gif animation by storing only the differences between frames. Input images must be exactly the same size.
frames

number of frames to use in output animation
operator

string with a composite operator from compose_types()
stack

place images top-to-bottom (TRUE) or left-to-right (FALSE)
FUN

a function to be called on each frame in the image
...

additional parameters for FUN
geometry

a geometry string that defines the size the individual thumbnail images, and the spacing between them.
tile

a geometry string for example "4x5 with limits on how the tiled images are to be laid out on the final result.
gravity

a gravity direction, if the image is smaller than the frame, where in the frame is the image to be placed.
bg

a background color string
shadow

enable shadows between images

Details

For details see Magick++ STL documentation. Short descriptions:

  • image_animate coalesces frames by playing the sequence and converting to gif format.

  • image_morph expands number of frames by interpolating intermediate frames to blend into each other when played as an animation.

  • image_mosaic inlays images to form a single coherent picture.

  • image_montage creates a composite image by combining frames.

  • image_flatten merges frames as layers into a single frame using a given operator.

  • image_average averages frames into single frame.

  • image_append stack images left-to-right (default) or top-to-bottom.

  • image_apply applies a function to each frame

The image_apply function calls an image function to each frame and joins results back into a single image. Because most operations are already vectorized this is often not needed. Note that FUN() should return an image. To apply other kinds of functions to image frames simply use lapply, vapply, etc.

See also

Other image: _index_, analysis, attributes(), color, composite, defines, device, edges, editing, effects(), fx, geometry, morphology, ocr, options(), painting, segmentation, transform(), video

Examples

# Combine images
logo <- image_read("https://jeroen.github.io/images/Rlogo.png")
oldlogo <- image_read("https://jeroen.github.io/images/Rlogo-old.png")

# Create morphing animation
both <- image_scale(c(oldlogo, logo), "400")
image_average(image_crop(both))

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 PNG      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
image_animate(image_morph(both, 10))

#> # A tibble: 12 x 7
#>    format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>    <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#>  1 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  2 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  3 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  4 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  5 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  6 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  7 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  8 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#>  9 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#> 10 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#> 11 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 118x118
#> 12 gif      400    304 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  

# Create thumbnails from GIF
banana <- image_read("https://jeroen.github.io/images/banana.gif")
length(banana)

#> [1] 8
image_average(banana)

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
image_flatten(banana)

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
image_append(banana)

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF     2920    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
image_append(banana, stack = TRUE)

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      365   2880 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  

# Append images together
wizard <- image_read("wizard:")
image_append(image_scale(c(image_append(banana[c(1,3)], stack = TRUE), wizard)))

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      730    720 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  

image_composite(banana, image_scale(logo, "300"))

#> # A tibble: 8 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 2 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 3 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 4 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 5 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 6 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 7 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 8 GIF      365    360 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  

# Break down and combine frames
front <- image_scale(banana, "300")
background <- image_background(image_scale(logo, "400"), 'white')
frames <- image_apply(front, function(x){image_composite(background, x, offset = "+70+30")})
image_animate(frames, fps = 10)

#> # A tibble: 8 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 2 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 3 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 4 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 5 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 6 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 7 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
#> 8 gif      400    310 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  
# Simple 4x3 montage
input <- rep(logo, 12)
image_montage(input, geometry = 'x100+10+10', tile = '4x3', bg = 'pink', shadow = TRUE)

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 ""       600    372 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  

# With varying frame size
input <- c(wizard, wizard, logo, logo)
image_montage(input, tile = '2x2', bg = 'pink', gravity = 'southwest')

#> # A tibble: 1 x 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 ""       256    252 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72