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Image Color

Source: R/color.R
color.Rd

Functions to adjust contrast, brightness, colors of the image. Details below.

Usage

image_modulate(image, brightness = 100, saturation = 100, hue = 100)

image_quantize(
  image,
  max = 256,
  colorspace = "rgb",
  dither = TRUE,
  treedepth = NULL
)

image_map(image, map, dither = FALSE)

image_ordered_dither(image, threshold_map)

image_channel(image, channel = "lightness")

image_separate(image, channel = "default")

image_combine(image, colorspace = "sRGB", channel = "default")

image_transparent(image, color, fuzz = 0)

image_background(image, color, flatten = TRUE)

image_colorize(image, opacity, color)

image_contrast(image, sharpen = 1)

image_normalize(image)

image_enhance(image)

image_equalize(image)

image_median(image, radius = 1)

Arguments

image

magick image object returned by image_read() or image_graph()

brightness

modulation of brightness as percentage of the current value (100 for no change)

saturation

modulation of saturation as percentage of the current value (100 for no change)

hue

modulation of hue is an absolute rotation of -180 degrees to +180 degrees from the current position corresponding to an argument range of 0 to 200 (100 for no change)

max

preferred number of colors in the image. The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request, but never more.

colorspace

string with a colorspace from colorspace_types for example "gray", "rgb" or "cmyk"

dither

a boolean (defaults to TRUE) specifying whether to apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image: averages intensities of several neighboring pixels

treedepth

depth of the quantization color classification tree. Values of 0 or 1 allow selection of the optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm. Values between 2 and 8 may be used to manually adjust the tree depth.

map

reference image to map colors from

threshold_map

A string giving the dithering pattern to use. See the ImageMagick documentation for possible values

channel

a string with a channel from channel_types for example "alpha" or "hue" or "cyan"

color

a valid color string such as "navyblue" or "#000080". Use "none" for transparency.

fuzz

relative color distance (value between 0 and 100) to be considered similar in the filling algorithm

flatten

should image be flattened before writing? This also replaces transparency with background color.

opacity

percentage of opacity used for coloring

sharpen

enhance intensity differences in image

radius

replace each pixel with the median color in a circular neighborhood

Details

For details see Magick++ STL documentation. Short descriptions:

  • image_modulate adjusts brightness, saturation and hue of image relative to current.

  • image_quantize reduces number of unique colors in the image.

  • image_ordered_dither reduces number of unique colors using a dithering threshold map.

  • image_map replaces colors of image with the closest color from a reference image.

  • image_channel extracts a single channel from an image and returns as grayscale.

  • image_transparent sets pixels approximately matching given color to transparent.

  • image_background sets background color. When image is flattened, transparent pixels get background color.

  • image_colorize overlays a solid color frame using specified opacity.

  • image_contrast enhances intensity differences in image

  • image_normalize increases contrast by normalizing the pixel values to span the full range of colors

  • image_enhance tries to minimize noise

  • image_equalize equalizes using histogram equalization

  • image_median replaces each pixel with the median color in a circular neighborhood

Note that colors are also determined by image properties imagetype and colorspace which can be modified via image_convert().

See also

Other image: _index_, analysis, animation, attributes(), composite, defines, device, edges, editing, effects(), fx, geometry, morphology, ocr, options(), painting, segmentation, transform(), video

Examples

# manually adjust colors
logo <- image_read("logo:")
image_modulate(logo, brightness = 200)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_modulate(logo, saturation = 150)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_modulate(logo, hue = 200)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  

# Reduce image to 10 different colors using various spaces
image_quantize(logo, max = 10, colorspace = 'gray')
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 Gray       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_quantize(logo, max = 10, colorspace = 'rgb')
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 RGB        FALSE        0 72x72  
image_quantize(logo, max = 10, colorspace = 'cmyk')
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 CMYK       FALSE        0 72x72  

image_ordered_dither(logo, 'o8x8')
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
# Change background color
translogo <- image_transparent(logo, 'white')
image_background(translogo, "pink", flatten = TRUE)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       TRUE         0 72x72  

# Compare to flood-fill method:
image_fill(logo, "pink", fuzz = 20)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  

# Other color tweaks
image_colorize(logo, 50, "red")
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_contrast(logo)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_normalize(logo)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_enhance(logo)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_equalize(logo)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  
image_median(logo)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 sRGB       FALSE        0 72x72  

# Alternate way to convert into black-white
image_convert(logo, type = 'grayscale')
#> # A tibble: 1 × 7
#>   format width height colorspace matte filesize density
#>   <chr>  <int>  <int> <chr>      <lgl>    <int> <chr>  
#> 1 GIF      640    480 Gray       FALSE        0 72x72