`lingtypology`: Download typological databases' data
George Moroz
2024-11-28
Source:vignettes/lingtypology_db_API.Rmd
lingtypology_db_API.Rmd
lingtypology
provides an ability to download data from
these typological databases
- World Atlas of Language Structures
- Grambank
- AUTOTYP
- PHOIBLE
- Affix Borrowing database
- South American Indigenous Language Structures
- Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database
All database function names have identical structure:
database_name.feature. All functions have as first
argument feature
. All functions create dataframe with
column language
that can be used in
map.feature()
function. It should be noted that all
functions cut out the data that can’t be maped, so if you want to
prevent functions from this behavior set argument na.rm
to
FALSE
.
1. WALS
The names of the WALS features can be typed in a lower case. This
function preserves coordinates from WALS, so you can map coordinates
from the WALS or use coordinates from lingtypology
.
df <- wals.feature(c("1a", "20a"))
head(df)
map.feature(df$language,
features = df$`1a`,
latitude = df$latitude,
longitude = df$longitude,
label = df$language,
title = "Consonant Inventories")
2. Grambank
The names of the Grambank features can be typed in a lower case. This
function preserves coordinates from Grambank, so you can map coordinates
from the WALS or use coordinates from lingtypology
.
df <- grambank.feature(c("gb026", "gb042"))
head(df)
map.feature(df$grambank.name,
features = df$`GB042`,
latitude = df$latitude,
longitude = df$longitude,
label = df$language,
title = "Is there productive overt morphological singular marking on nouns?")
3. AUTOTYP
The AUTOTYP features are listed on the
GitHub page. You can use more human way with spaces. You can also
use a module names in order to download all variables in a module (e. g.
Gender
):
df <- autotyp.feature(c('Has Gender', 'Has Numeral Classifiers'))
head(df)
map.feature(df$language,
features = df$HasNumeralClassifiers,
label = df$language_for_lingtypology,
title = "Presence of Numeral Classifiers")
4. PHOIBLE
I used only four features from PHOIBLE: the number of phonemes, the
number of consonants, the number of tones and the number of vowels. If
you need only a set of them, just specify it in the
features
argument. Since there is a lot of doubling
information in the PHOIBLE database, there is an argument
source
.
df <- phoible.feature(source = "UPSID")
head(df)
5. AfBo
The AfBo database has a lot of features that distinguish affix functions, but again you can use a bare function without any arguments to download the whole database. There will be no difference in time, since this function downloads the whole database to your PC. The main destinction is that this database provides recipient and donor languages, so other column names should be used.
df <- afbo.feature(c("adjectivizer", "adverbializer"))
head(df)
map.feature(df$Recipient.name,
features = df$adjectivizer,
label = df$Recipient.name,
title = "Borrowed adjectivizer affixes")
6. SAILS
The SAILS database provide a lot of features, so the function work with their ids:
df <- sails.feature(features = "ics10")
head(df)
map.feature(df$language,
features = df$ics10_description,
longitude = df$longitude,
latitude = df$latitude,
label = df$language,
title = "Are there numeral classifiers?")
7. ABVD
The ABVD database is a lexical database, so it is different from clld databases. First of all, ABVD has its own language classification ids. The information about the same language from different sources can be received from these database different ids. So I select several languages and map them coloring by word with the meaning ‘hand’.
df <- abvd.feature(c(292, 7))
head(df)
new_df <- df[df$word == "hand",]
map.feature(new_df$language,
features = new_df$item,
label = new_df$language)
8. UraLex
uralex.feature
downloads data from UraLex basic
vocabulary dataset. Original language names are stored in the
uralex.name
variable. Converted language names for
map.feature
are stored in the language
variable.
df <- uralex.feature()
df <- df[df$uralex_mng == "crush",]
map.feature(df$language,
label = df$item,
title = "crush")